Explosion-engine.



R. L. ELLERY.

EXPLOSION ENGINE.

Patented J une 26, 1917.

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MAY 1914.

Patented June 26, 19171 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

R. l-. ELLERY.

EXPLOSION APPucATloN HLED Z nes@ es -R. L. ELLERY.

EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLlcATmN FILED MAY l, |914.

Patented Jnnef 26, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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R. L. ELLERY.

EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION man MAY1, 1914.

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R. L. ELLERY.

EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED III/IY I. I9I4.

1,23 1,004. Patented June 26, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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ROBERT L. ELLERY, 0F TOLEDO, OHIO.

' EXPLOSION-ENGINE.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. ELLERY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Explosion-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in explosion engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, durable and quiet running engine embodying a rotary sleeve valve having portsarranged to alternately aline with the inlet and exhaust ports of the engine, said inlet and exhaust ports being so arranged that said sleeve may be rotated very slowly', thus eliminating vibration and greatly re-` ducing the wear incidental to said rotating valve and the walls of the cylinder within which said valve is arranged.-

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts set forth in the following specification and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings: A

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in seo- Ation, of an explosion engine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a right hand end elevation, partly in section and parts removed, of the engine illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig, l.

Fig. i is a longitudinal plan section taken on the line 1-' 1 of Fig. 1. n

Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation of one of the sleeve valves.

Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views to illustrate the various positions of the piston for one of the engine cylinders relatively to the ports in the valve within which said piston is arranged to reciprocate.

Fig. 8 is a sectional View of one of the rotating valves and the immediate portion of its respective cylinder illustrating the several positions of the cooperating ports in said valve and cylinder respectively;

. Like numerals refer toV like parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

In the drawings, 10 isa casing of an vexplosion engine which consists of a plurality of cylinders 11 preferably formed integral one with the other. The casing comprising the cylinders 1l is secured to a crank cas,- ing 12'preferably at 13, said casing being preferably formed in the usual manner, that Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jun@ 26, 1917.

Application led May 1, 1914. Serial No. 835,635.

is, in two parts 14 and 15 and provided with bearings 16 within which a crank shaft 17 is journaled to rotate.

Thecylinders 11 are each closed at their upper or head ends by cylinder heads 1S which preferably extend into said cylinders for substantial distances and form annular recesses 19 between said heads and the adjacent walls of the cylinders. Each of the cylinders 11- is also provided with inlet ports 20, preferably two in number, arranged diametrically opposite each other and preferably in the central, longitudinal, vertical plane of said engine. Exhaust ports 21 are also provided in said cylinder preferably two in number which are oppositely disposed intermediate the inlet ports 20.

A sleeve valve 22 is rotatably arranged in each of said cylinders 11, said sleeve valves constituting the explosion cylinders for thc engine. These valves are furthermore provided with a circumferentially arranged series of ports 23 preferably at 45o apart and adjacent the upper end of said sleeve valve, and preferably of uniform area.

Secured to the lower end of each sleeve valve 22 is a worm gear 24 which is inclosed in a rchamber 25 formed at the lower end of the cylinder 11, said gear adapted to be engaged by a worm 26 fast to a shaft 27 journaled to rotate in bearings 23 in the casing of the engine.

The sleeve valves 22 of said cylinders 11 are preferably all operated by means such as the worms 26 secured to a shaft 27 which in turn is preferably operated through gears 29 and 30 by means of a gear 31 fast to the crank shaft 17. The cylinders are preferably arranged in pairs so that the sleeve valve of one cylinder may be operated in an opposite direction to the valve of the cylinder adjacent thereto, this being accom plished by making the worms and worm gearsV for the sleeves of each pair right and left handed, whereupon the vibrations caused by the rotation of said valves will be y counterbalanced.

A piston 32 .is arranged to reciprocate in each of the sleeve valves 22, said piston being connected by a piston rod 33 to one of the cranks of the crank shaft 17.

vBy arranging the ports constituting said circumferential series of ports substantially 45 apart and all in one row, it will be seen, as said sleeve valves are rotated, that said ports .will aline with both the inlet and eX- haust ports of said cylinders assaid inlet and exhaust ports are located in the same horizontal plane, consequently said ports will successively, alternately aline with said inlet and exhaust ports of said cylinder, thereby constituting inlet and exhaust ports for the explosion cylinder which, in other words, is the sleeve.

The inlet and exhaust ports for the cylinder and likewise those for the sleeve valves preferably extend from the head of the piston at the inner end of its throw substantially to the inner end of the sleeve valve, thus providing a long, narrow port. These ports are also so arranged that the charges to the explosion cylinders will be admitted simultaneously from opposite sides of the cylinder and discharged simultaneously from opposite sides of said cylinder.

To properly time the intake and the exhaust of the several cylinders, which, as hereinbefore stated, are accomplished by means of the same ports in said sleeves, the exhaust ports for the cylinders 11 are not arranged in a plane exactly at right angles to the plane containing the inlet ports, but in advance of said plane preferably one and one-half times the width of one of the ports in said sleeve.

By this arrangement it will be readily seen that the ports in said sleeve will have opened and closed the exhaust ports before others of the ports in said sleeve have started to open the inlet ports.

To insure a more complete scavenging of the explosion cylinder the exhaust ports 21 are made substantially wider rthan the ports in said sleeve valve, but all upon the advance or forward side of said ports, thus permitting the same to be opened earlier and remain open for a longer period than is permitted the inlet ports 20. Y j

To conduct a charge to 4the inlet ports 20, inlet passages 34 are provided, said inlet passages being arranged upon opposite sides of the cylinders 21 and extendingsubstantially parallel therewith. From the ports 2O said passages 34 extend downwardly adjacent the lower end of said cylinders, thence outwa-rdly toward one side of said cylinders and into communication with an inlet manifold 35 extending` longitudinally of the casing and. having secured thereto, substantially midwayof its lengtl'l, a carburetor 36 which supplies the desired mixture of oil vapor and air to said manifold at that point.

Bythe arrangement of the passages just described `it will be obvious that the charges in being conductedfto the several cylinders will be partially lheated owing to the nearness of said passages to the cylinders from which `:more lor, lless heat will be transmitted.

Surrounding the .several cylinders of the engi-ne is aV `water jacket 37 4means of which Water may be circulated to lower the temperature of the explosion cylinders, the water to said jacket being supplied in the usual wellknown manner. The exhaust gases from the several cylinders are discharged at opposite sides thereof into an exhaust manifold 38, preferably U-shaped, one of the legs ofsaid U-shaped manifold extending valong one side of said series of cylinders and being secured over the exhaust openings on that side, while the other' leg of said manifold extends along the opposite side of said series ofcylinders and is secured over the exhaust openings in that side, thus conducting the exhaust gases to the base of said -U-shaped manifold at which point is provided an outlet orifice 39 which may be connected by any suitable means to conduct the exhaust gases to the muffler not shown in the drawings.

To `heat the air which is admitted to the carbureter vin order to facilitate the 'proper mixing` of gas and air, an air duct 40 is provided upon the under side of the leg ofthe vU-shaped exhaust manifold 38 at the side of the engine upon which the carbureter 36 is located, said air duct extending longitudinally of the engine in close proximity to the exhaust gases which are 4passing' through the leg of the exhaust manifold in which said duct is formed, said duct having openings 41 at opposite ends thereof, while midway of said ends said duct is connected by means of a pipe 42 directly to the carbureter 36, thus causing the air which is admitted vthrough lthe openings 411 to pass along` parallel with the exhaust gases from the engine and become more or less heated thereby. The cylinder headslS arel each provided with the usual igniting devices such as a spark plug 43 whereby the charges as they are admitted to the several cylinders and compressed may be ignited. g

The general operation of the engine hereinbefore specifically described is as follows: The charges are admitted to the several cylinders of the engine and the various cycles of operation completed according to the usual wellknown methods, said charges being admitted by means of the rotary sleeve valves 22 to the interior of said valves which constitute the explosion cylinders.

The type of engine herein described is what is known asthe four cycle engine in which an explosion occurs at every second instrokc of each piston, therefore to operate the sleeve valves to make the ports therein aline at the proper time with the exhaust and inlet ports of the cylinders, in view of the fact that the ports in said sleeve valves are arranged at 450 apart, said sleeve valves need be rotated only -gf of a rotation or through an angle of L150 for 'twopcomplete rotations of the. crank shaft ,(see Figs. 6, 7. and 8), or from one explosion tothe next in the same cylinder.

In Fig. (3, A indicates the position of the crank with the piston connected thereto in its innermost position in readiness to receive a charge. Atthis time the inlet ports 20 of the cylinder (see Fig. 8) are closed, but as the crank shaft starts to rotate to move the crank from the position A7 to that indicated at 13, which is turn, the sleeve valve 22 in Fig. S is adapted to be rotated in the direction of the arrow a through the arc A which accomplishes the full opening of the inlet ports 20 by alining the ports 23 of the sleeve valve, which are adjacent said inlet ports, therewith. A continued movement of the crank from the position B to the position C Fig. 6 causes the port 23 to be moved out of alinement with the ports 2O and thus provides further admission of a charge to the explosion cylinder.

As the crank continues to rotate from C to D and from D to A back to the starting point, the ports 23 referred to continue to move toward the exhaust ports 21, while the successive ports in said sleeve valve, which are indicated in Fig. 8 as 23, are approaching the inlet ports 20 of the cylinder and will arrive in alinement with said ports after said crank shaft has made two complete rotations.

Simultaneously with the advance of the ports 23 in the sleeve valve 22 the ports in said valve in advance thereof and indicated at 232 will be moved toward the exhaust ports 21 and will arrive at said exhaust ports and start to open said exhaust ports when the crank shaft has arrived at the position Gr, (see Fig. 7) and continue to open the same from that point until said crank arrives at the point H from whence said valve will be gradually closed until said crank arrives at the position 13, which is in other words the starting point A and in which the piston will be at its uppermost position in readiness to receive another charge. The charges will be drawn into and conducted to the several inlet ports through the passages 34 which extend upwardly, as hereinbefore stated, substantially parallel with the several cylinders from the inlet manifold 85 and carbureter 36, thus heating said charge and thereby increasing the efficiency thereof. The airwhich is conducted to the carbureter 36 is drawn through the air duct 40 which, as hereinbefore stated, is formed in one of the legs of the exhaust manifold 38, thus causing said air to travel parallel with and adjacent the hot exhaust gases from the cylinders thereby heating said air before it enters the carbureter.

It will be apparent that with the construction hereinbefore set forth the durability of the engine will be materially increased by reason of the particular arrangement of the sleeve valves and their ports, and a great reduction in the speed of the valve over those of the ordinary type of sleeve valve, which fact is accomplished by utilizing the ports in said sleeve valves alternately for the inlet and exhaust ports. Furthermore by arranging said sleeve valves in pairs to rotate in opposite directions the vibration and noise will be entirely eliminated.

Another feature of the invention which materially assists in prolonging the life of the sleeve valve 22 consists in providing, adjacent the o-pposite ends of said sleeve valve, the bearing members 44 and 45, while a portion of said sleeve valve intermediate said bearing members is substantially smaller in diameter, thus providing a recess 46. See Fig. 5. An oil groove 47 surrounds the upper outer edge of the bearing member 44, which is connected by serpentine grooves 48 with the recess 46, thus permitting oil which may be conducted to the interior of the explosion cylinder to pass from one end of the bearing member 44 to the other and through the recess 46 to the bearing member 45, said latter bearing member also having oil grooves 49 by means of which oil from the recess 46 may be conducted to the upper face of the worm gear 24 which is on said sleeve at this point.

While I have herein shown and described one specific embodiment of my invention for illustrative purposes, and have disclosed and discussed in detail the construction' and arrangement incidental to one specic application thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is limited neither to the mere details nor relative arrangement of parts, nor to its specific application herein shown, but that extensive deviations from the illustrated form or embodiment of the invention may be made without departing from the principles thereof.

Having thus describedl my invention what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure is:

l. In an explosion engine a series of explosion cylinders, each of said cylinders having oppositely disposed inlet ports arranged substantially in a plane containing the median axial lines of all of said cylinders, said ports having communication with pas,- sages disposed between adjacent cylinders, said passages extending from said ports downwardly substantially parallel with said cylinders to the bases thereof and thence transversely of said cylinders, and an intake manifold arranged longitudinally of said series of cylinders integral therewith and having communication with each of said passages.

2. In an explosion engine a plurality of cylinders provided with oppositely disposed inlet and oppositely disposed exhaust ports, and a U-shaped exhaust manifold secured to said cylinders with the legs thereof arranged at opposite sides of said cylinders and in Communication with said exhaust ports, said -Usliaped manifold having an outlet orifice at the base thereof.

In an explosive engine, a series of explosion cylinders, each of said cylinders having an inlet port in a side thereof and having Communication with passages disposed Without the cylinders, said ports and passages arranged sl'lbstantially in a plane containing the median axial lines of all said cylinders, said passages extending length- 1vise of the Cylinders to adjacent the bases thereof and thence transversely of the eylinders, and an intake manifold arranged longitudinally of said cylinders and having coininunieation With each of said passages.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set 11157 hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ROBERT L. ELLERY. Titnesses 2 SHoLTo M. DOUGLAS, H. M. ooDAizD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

